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Kermit Roosevelt, Jr.
:''For other persons with the same name, see Kermit Roosevelt (disambiguation).''
Kermit "Kim" Roosevelt, Jr. (February 16, 1916 – June 8, 2000), a grandson of U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt, was a Harvard-educated career intelligence officer who served in the Office of Strategic Services, forerunner to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), during and following the second world war, went on to found Arabist organizations such as the American Friends of the Middle East, and then to play a critical role in the CIA's operation to return Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the former Shah of Iran, to power in August 1953. Specifically, Roosevelt, Jr. was a political action officer of the CIA's Directorate of Plans, and with the stated motivation of preventing assumption of power by Tudeh, the Iranian Communist Party backed by the Soviet Union, he coordinated CIA's Operation Ajax, orchestrating a multifaceted coup d'état against Iran's democratically elected prime minister, Mohammed Mosaddeq, and returning the deposed Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, to Iran's Sun Throne.
==Early life and training==
Kermit Roosevelt, Jr.—called "Kim" as was standard for the alternating generations of Kermits in the Roosevelt family〔Irvin Molotsky, 2000, "Obituary: Kermit Roosevelt, Leader of CIA Coup in Iran, Dies at 84," ''The New York Times'', June 10 2000, see (), accessed 17 June 2015.〕—was born to Kermit Roosevelt, Sr. and Belle Wyatt Roosevelt (née Willard) in Buenos Aires in 1916, where Roosevelt, Sr. was an official for a shipping line,〔 and then a manager of the Buenos Aires branch of the National City Bank. The Roosevelt family returned to the U.S., and Kim, his two brothers, Joseph Willard and Dirck, and his sister, Belle Wyatt, grew up in Oyster Bay, N.Y., a homestead near to Sagamore Hill, the Long Island home of the Theodore Roosevelt clan.〔
Kim attended Groton School as a young man. He graduated from Harvard University in 1937, a year ahead of his class,〔 and married Mary Lowe Gaddis shortly thereafter.〔
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